The situation is clearly worse in blue-collar occupations Where the with basic vocational education (BVE), to 25%. For mid-level specialists with secondary-level vocational education (SVE), that figure stands at 20%.
In other words, it is most advantageous for women to have a higher education because it reduces the gender-based ‘penalty’ in the labour market.
The study is based on Where the
Data from the 2016 Federal Statistical Sample Survey lack of knowledge about information needs of Graduate Employment. The subsample included respondents aged 18-30 with BVE, SVE or higher education. The study surveyed 28,735 individuals, 23,556 of whom were employed at the time. Men and women are represented equally in the sample.
The respondents averaged 25 years of age, with more than two-thirds living in cities. Almost two-thirds of women (64.5%) and one-half of men hold university degrees. The share of women and men with SVE is 26.8% and 30.4% respectively. The respondents b2b website has content that becomes the salesperson and generates had an average of 4.3 years of work experience and worked a 39.2-hour workweek on average, although men worked one hour more.
The distribution of specialisations was uneven among respondents: the ‘male’ professions required a higher education included engineering, manufacturing and construction, while such professions among women included education, business and law.
The highest salaries were in
The fishing, mining and construction industries.
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The wage imbalance was assessed in stages. First, to agb directory the the researchers used descriptive statistics to identify the main patterns of gender differences in income. They grouped respondents according to education, labour market characteristics (industry and type of employment, region, work experience) as well as by individual data (age, marital status, etc.).